Summary

This paper discusses the erosion rate of lunar soil under a landing rocket, focusing on benchmarking and predictions. It references Apollo landing data and uses models derived from Apollo measurements and Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO) Diviner thermal inertia measurements to calibrate an erosion equation. The study suggests that about 4 to 10 times more soil was blown in each Apollo landing than previously believed, highlighting potential sandblasting damage. The provided text appears to be a series of URLs related to an article or document, likely from a scientific or technical journal. The URLs are formatted as API endpoints for retrieving content, possibly from Elsevier's platform. The text does not contain any meaningful content or data that can be summarized directly. It is likely a technical artifact or a fragment of a larger document retrieval system. This paper presents a theoretical prediction of dust opacity and erosion rates caused by landing rockets on the Moon. It compares empirical data to theoretical models and discusses the integration of these models over the entire landing trajectory. The study is supported by NASA grants and references various prior research

Methods and applications