M. Samouhos, P. Tsakiridis, M. Iskander, M. Taxiarchou, K. Betsis | 2022 | Planetary and Space Science
DOI 10.1016/j.pss.2021.105414Review state
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This paper reports on the carbothermal reduction of BP-1 lunar regolith simulant to produce ferrosilicon and silicon carbide. The simulant is characterized by X-ray diffractometry and scanning electron microscopy, showing a homogeneous structure with high silicon content. The study highlights potential applications in lunar construction and radiation shielding. ITURESOURCEUTILIZATIONFERROSILICONSICPRODUCTIONBP1LUNARREGOLITHSIMULANTVIACARBOTHERMALREDUCTION SAMOUHOS M 1 Introduction 2 Extraction of iron alloys from lunar regolith 2.1 Electrochemical reduction 2.2 High temperature processing (without the use of reduction agents) 2.3 Chemical processing 2.4 Reduction using gaseous or solid reducing agents 3 Materials and methods 3.1 Materials 3.2 Experimental procedure 3.3 Analytical techniques 4 Results and discussion 4.1 Physicochemical characterization of BP-1 simulant 4.2 Thermodynamic study of BP-1 simulant carbothermal reduction in vacuum 4.3 Investigation of BP-1 simulant reduction via analytical techniques 5 Performance of the carbothermal reduction process on lunar: assumptions and proposed ideas 5.1 Availability of raw materials 5.2 Applicability of the carbothermal reduction
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Carbothermal reduction
Thermodynamic and kinetic process
Phase equilibrium analysis
Thermodynamic study
Gibbs free energy analysis
Thermodynamic study
Microstructural analysis
Material characterization
Carbothermal reduction
process
Thermodynamic analysis
analysis
Magnetic separation
process
SEM-EDS analysis
analysis
Thermodynamic data
Thermodynamic data of the BP-1 simulant reduction in vacuum; (a) Iron-containing components in equilibrium state in relation to temperature using a 50% carbon excess and (b) Phase
Gibbs free energy
Gibbs free energy variation (G) in relation to temperature of reaction sequences describing the formation of FeSi alloy (according to Table 3); (a) through the direct reaction
X-ray diffraction pattern
X-ray diffraction pattern of the initial BP-1 lunar regolith simulant sample.
Microstructural analysis
Scanning electron micrographs of as-received BP-1 simulant polished sections; Ti-mt: titanomagnetite, lab: labradorite, aug: augite, fo: forsterite (a, b, c) phases as detected via
Thermodynamic feasibility
Production of ferrosilicon alloy and SiC is possible over 1200 C
Simulant composition
Low Ti-content mare regolith
Product composition
Ferrosilicon alloy and silicon carbide
Magnetic separation
Labradorite, Augite, Titanomagnetite, Forsterite ferroan