Summary

This paper compares three 3D measurement techniques for lunar regolith simulant cones: high-precision handheld laser scanner, photogrammetry, and iPad LiDAR. It evaluates geometric parameters like height, diameter, angle of repose, and volume. HLS and photogrammetry show close agreement, while iPad LiDAR has significant errors. The study highlights potential for integrating 3D measurement approaches for lunar applications. The provided text appears to be a mix of metadata and content related to a digital document or article. It includes elements such as section headers, author names, publication details, and references to images and files. The text also contains URLs and file paths, suggesting it may be part of a larger digital archive or content management system. There is no clear narrative or coherent text, and the content seems to be a collection of technical or administrative data rather than a written article or story. The study investigates the measurement of lunar soil simulants (LSS) and a reference material (CEN sand) using three different methods: High-Resolution LiDAR (HLS), photogrammetry, and low-cost LiDAR. The focus is on determining the angles of repose, cone heigh

Methods and applications